Part 2: Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and 4-Hydroxynonenal
Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB)
After Roux-en-Y bypass surgery, people show "a marked reduction of the hedonic drive to consume palatable food and beneficial changes in dietary habits." RYGB excludes from food contact the primary part of the small intestine that mediates food reward.https://t.co/VpB2lbOLDZ
— Stephan Guyenet, PhD (@whsource) November 29, 2018
Post moved to Substack.
Amazing achievement,Tucker Goodrich,you are changing history!
ReplyDeleteThank you Tucker, massive summary of things!
DeleteThere is something to be added to RYGB, the other two gastric hormones gip and glp.
gip as an on switch to insulin and glucagon excretion, glp as an off switch to only glucagon and thus to liver glucose pump. Since gip decreases proportionally as a function of gut length, cutting bowel off from top hits hard on gip. Glp is the inverse, so the balance glp/gip increases. In the end, you have less insulin and sooner stop for sugar release. Sounds like better insulin sensitivity, enabling fat oxidations sooner as well.
Added together, this vagus nerve manipulation and hormonal balance shift seem to be very effective. I guess the patients have to fast / low-carb before operation, in order to melt the liver fat; size has to be smaller for the operation.
Gabor Erdosi has a great video presentation on this.
JR
JR, I didn't discuss those two hormones because they, like PYY, appear to be down-stream of the endocannibinoids. A number of the papers I referenced did look at those hormones, however, you might find them interesting.
DeleteHi Tucker, one more thing.
ReplyDeleteThe keto based on mufas and pufas is interesting, let call it "nuts keto". It was graph at Peter's where all the keto attributes seemed a bit better for nuts keto, save HDL was lower. In comparison to more neutral keto.
Now your data shows that nuts keto is protective against hne, at least diluting the harms, burning even the hne and promoting GSH (to neutralize hne)! Which does not happen with mixed meals.
Peter covered overfeeding up to 5000kcal with pufas, which resulted in massive uncoupling and thus all-time swetty participants. No weight gain though.
So, pufa-6 and carbs is a very bad idea, as you have shown. I am curious about this "nuts keto".
JR
I've got a couple of posts you might find interesting on that topic:
Delete"Hello, Can We Have Your Liver?": Understanding a High-PUFA Diet."
Peter then posted:
"Follow on to Tucker's post on PUFA in rats"
Also:
"Good Keto vs. Bad Keto"
An interesting paper from observations about Roux-en-Y bypass surgery:
ReplyDelete"Association Between Preoperative 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level and Hospital-Acquired Infections Following Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery"
S. A. Quraishi, et al. JAMA Surgery Vol. 149(2) Pages 112-118. DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2013.3176
In part 1 you wrote, "Hall, in his apparent quest to touch all the dietary third rails, did another paper with a bearing on this question (Hall et al., 2021). This paper looked at an Animal-Based, Low-Carb diet (LC) vs. a Plant-Based, Low-Fat diet (LF). Here they found a much greater reduction in fattiness on the LF diet — which was a surprise to many, myself included."
ReplyDeleteRegarding dietary intake of omega-6s, you might want to consider the linoleic acid and arachidonic acid contribution of animal products. Feeding grain to monogastrics loads up their cell membranes and fat stores with arachidonic acid. Excerpt: "Chicken meat with reduced concentration of arachidonic acid (AA) and reduced ratio between omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids has potential health benefits because a reduction in AA intake dampens prostanoid signaling, and the proportion between omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids is too high in our diet."[1]
In both chickens and humans the FADS2 genetic polymorphism[2] regulates conversion of linoleic acid to arachidonic acid. Excerpt: "We previously reported that a high arachidonic acid (ARA) content is a characteristic feature of Hinai-jidori chicken and demonstrated that chicken meat with higher ARA contents had a much better taste perception than that with low ARA contents using Hinai-jidori and broiler chickens.[3]
1992 Comment by Olaf Adam: Within the last 50 years, changing nutritional habits in Western communities led to a fourfold increase in the supply of dietary arachidonic acid (AA), provoked by the same increase in the consumption of meat and meat products. A low oxidation rate and a high affinity uptake system result in the accumulation of AA in cell lipids. Clinical experiments with AA supplements showed the efficient enrichment of AA in plasma lipids and a consecutively exaggerated production of eicosanoids. Several diseases observed with increasing incidence in Western communities are characterized by enhanced eicosanoid biosynthesis, and inhibitors of eicosanoid production have been effective in the treatment of these diseases, e.g., aspirin in the prevention of atherosclerosis, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in the treatment of arthritis, and glucocorticoids in the treatment of allergic and immunologic diseases.[4]
So, reducing animal protein intake reduces arachidonic acid intake which eventually reduces the amount of arachidonic acid in cell membranes.
References
1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2875212/
2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35268031/
3. https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/association-of-chicken-fatty-acid-desaturase-1-and-2-gene-singlenucleotide-polymorphisms-with-the-fatty-acid-composition-of-thighm-2332-2608-1000202.php?aid=83583
4. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Immediate-and-long-range-effects-of-the-uptake-of-Adam/a86953cf8e4fc868cbedc2f61a829e0ead78fc86
Alternatively, you can just alter the type of animal protein you are eating. Thanks for the thorough comment!
DeleteHey Tucker, just wanted to say thank you so much for your research and your blog. I've been reading through and re-reading to try to make sure I'm truly understanding things, but I've cut seed oils out of my diet and am eager to see how my self-experiment turns out.
ReplyDeleteI started supplementing to try to reduce the effects of any incidental or stored LA by increasing glutathione to reduce 4HNE. I was also looking into supplements that could act as a CB1 antagonist, but I'm a bit concerned that mucking around with it could give serious side effects similar to rimonabant. I had a bad experience using varenicline (Chantix) to quit smoking along those lines, so I'm perhaps extra paranoid. Any thoughts on that?